<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?><rss version="2.0" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"><channel><title>Pengetahuan Dasar on kenji.blog</title><link>http://kenji.blog/id/tags/pengetahuan-dasar/</link><description>Recent content in Pengetahuan Dasar on kenji.blog</description><generator>Hugo -- gohugo.io</generator><language>id</language><copyright>kenjinote</copyright><lastBuildDate>Thu, 19 Sep 2024 01:10:20 +0900</lastBuildDate><atom:link href="http://kenji.blog/id/tags/pengetahuan-dasar/index.xml" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><item><title>Pengetahuan Dasar Komputer</title><link>http://kenji.blog/id/p/pengetahuan-dasar-komputer/</link><pubDate>Thu, 19 Sep 2024 01:10:20 +0900</pubDate><guid>http://kenji.blog/id/p/pengetahuan-dasar-komputer/</guid><description>&lt;img src="http://kenji.blog/p/%E3%82%B3%E3%83%B3%E3%83%94%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BF%E3%81%AE%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E7%9F%A5%E8%AD%98/img.png" alt="Featured image of post Pengetahuan Dasar Komputer" />&lt;h1 id="pengetahuan-dasar-komputer">Pengetahuan Dasar Komputer
&lt;/h1>&lt;p>Halaman ini menjelaskan apa itu komputer.&lt;/p>
&lt;h2 id="definisi-komputer">Definisi Komputer
&lt;/h2>&lt;p>Komputer adalah mesin yang memiliki lima perangkat berikut.&lt;/p>
&lt;ol>
&lt;li>Perangkat input (masukan)&lt;/li>
&lt;li>Perangkat output (keluaran)&lt;/li>
&lt;li>Perangkat penyimpanan (memori)&lt;/li>
&lt;li>Perangkat kontrol (pengendali)&lt;/li>
&lt;li>Perangkat aritmatika&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;p>Secara kasar, komputer adalah mesin yang menerima &lt;code>input&lt;/code> tertentu, melakukan &lt;code>pemrosesan&lt;/code> tertentu, dan &lt;code>mengeluarkan&lt;/code> hasilnya.
Ia dapat &lt;code>menyimpan&lt;/code> data yang dimasukkan, &lt;code>menghitung&lt;/code>, dan &lt;code>mengeluarkan&lt;/code> data tersebut. Perangkat &lt;code>kontrol&lt;/code> memiliki peran untuk mengendalikan keempat perangkat yang disebutkan sebelumnya.&lt;/p>
&lt;h2 id="apa-yang-dibutuhkan-untuk-menjalankan-komputer">Apa yang dibutuhkan untuk menjalankan komputer
&lt;/h2>&lt;p>Untuk menjalankan komputer, selain perangkat keras (hardware), program (software) juga diperlukan.&lt;/p>
&lt;p>Program memberi tahu komputer pemrosesan apa yang harus dilakukan. Program ditulis dalam format yang dapat dipahami oleh komputer.&lt;/p>
&lt;p>Sebagai contoh program, terdapat hal berikut:
Program untuk mencari jumlah dari 1 hingga bilangan bulat yang dimasukkan&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;div class="chroma">
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&lt;pre tabindex="0" class="chroma">&lt;code class="language-cpp" data-lang="cpp">&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="cp">#include&lt;/span> &lt;span class="cpf">&amp;lt;iostream&amp;gt;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="cp">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="cp">&lt;/span>&lt;span class="k">using&lt;/span> &lt;span class="k">namespace&lt;/span> &lt;span class="n">std&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span> &lt;span class="nf">main&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">()&lt;/span> &lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl"> &lt;span class="c1">// Mengalokasikan ruang memori yang diperlukan
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="c1">&lt;/span> &lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span> &lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">,&lt;/span> &lt;span class="n">sum&lt;/span> &lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span> &lt;span class="mi">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl"> &lt;span class="c1">// Output
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="c1">&lt;/span> &lt;span class="n">cout&lt;/span> &lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span> &lt;span class="s">&amp;#34;Masukkan bilangan bulat: &amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl"> &lt;span class="c1">// Input
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="c1">&lt;/span> &lt;span class="n">cin&lt;/span> &lt;span class="o">&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span> &lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl"> &lt;span class="c1">// Perhitungan
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="c1">&lt;/span> &lt;span class="k">for&lt;/span> &lt;span class="p">(&lt;/span>&lt;span class="kt">int&lt;/span> &lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span> &lt;span class="o">=&lt;/span> &lt;span class="mi">1&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span> &lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span> &lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;=&lt;/span> &lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span> &lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="o">++&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">)&lt;/span> &lt;span class="p">{&lt;/span> &lt;span class="c1">// Perhitungan
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="c1">&lt;/span> &lt;span class="n">sum&lt;/span> &lt;span class="o">+=&lt;/span> &lt;span class="n">i&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl"> &lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl"> &lt;span class="c1">// Output
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="c1">&lt;/span> &lt;span class="n">cout&lt;/span> &lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span> &lt;span class="s">&amp;#34;Jumlah dari 1 hingga &amp;#34;&lt;/span> &lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span> &lt;span class="n">n&lt;/span> &lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span> &lt;span class="s">&amp;#34; adalah &amp;#34;&lt;/span> &lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span> &lt;span class="n">sum&lt;/span> &lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span> &lt;span class="s">&amp;#34;.&amp;#34;&lt;/span> &lt;span class="o">&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span> &lt;span class="n">endl&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl"> &lt;span class="c1">// Selesai
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="c1">&lt;/span> &lt;span class="k">return&lt;/span> &lt;span class="mi">0&lt;/span>&lt;span class="p">;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span class="line">&lt;span class="cl">&lt;span class="p">}&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>&lt;/table>
&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>&lt;p>Program diubah menjadi bahasa mesin oleh kompilator dan diubah menjadi format yang dapat dieksekusi oleh komputer.&lt;/p></description></item></channel></rss>