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Introduction to Vim

Fri, 19 Apr 2024 22:06:34 +0900

Introduction to Vim

Download and Installation

https://www.vim.org/download.php

From the site above, download and install the appropriate module for your OS.

For Windows, it is recommended to choose gvim_X.X.X_x64_signed.exe.

How to Start

For Windows, you need to register the folder containing vim.exe to the Path environment variable.

How to start:

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vim

When specifying a file name to start:

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vim filename.txt

How to Exit

To exit, type : (colon), then q, and press Enter.

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:q

If you have modified the file, a message saying No write since last change (add ! to override) will be displayed. You can discard the changes and force quit.

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:q!

To save the file and exit:

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:wq

The following has the same meaning:

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:x

You can also exit by pressing z twice while holding down Shift (same as :wq).

Modes

Vim has a Command mode and an Insert mode. When you start Vim, it is in Command mode. Pressing the i key switches to Insert mode.

In Insert mode, you can literally type text. To return from Insert mode to Command mode, press the ESC key.

This switching of input modes is a distinct characteristic of Vim.

Cursor Movement and Scrolling

Here is a summary of cursor movement and scrolling in Command mode.

Key	Description
`h` (or `Ctrl`+`H`, `BackSpace`, `←`)	Move left
`j` (or `Ctrl`+`J`, `Ctrl`+`N`, `↓`)	Move down
`k` (or `Ctrl`+`P`, `↑`)	Move up
`l` (or `Space`, `→`)	Move right
`+` (or `Enter`)	Move to the beginning of the next line
`-`	Move to the beginning of the previous line
`Ctrl`+`B` (or `PageUp`)	Scroll up
`Ctrl`+`F` (or `PageDown`)	Scroll down
`Ctrl`+`U`	Scroll half a screen up
`Ctrl`+`D`	Scroll half a screen down
`Ctrl`+`Y`	Scroll one line up
`Ctrl`+`E`	Scroll one line down
`z` `Enter`	Scroll cursor line to top of screen
`z` `.`	Scroll cursor line to middle of screen
`z` `-`	Scroll cursor line to bottom of screen
`0` (or `\|`)	Move cursor to the beginning of the line
`$`	Move cursor to the end of the line
`^` (or `_`)	Move cursor to the first non-blank character of the line
`G` (or `:$`)	Move cursor to the last line
`:Line Number` `Enter`	Move to specified line

If you type a Number followed by any of the above movement keys, it will move that many times. (For example, typing 3j will move the cursor down 3 lines from the current position.)

Other Commands

Key	Description
`Ctrl`+`L`	Redraw the screen
`Ctrl`+`G`	Show file status, number of lines, cursor position, etc.

How to install the text editor micro on Windows

Sun, 31 Mar 2024 21:50:39 +0900

Download micro

https://github.com/zyedidia/micro/releases

Open the link above, click Show all XX assets (where X is a number), and download micro-X.X.XX-win64.zip (where X is a number). Unzip the zip file and place the files in a folder of your choice.

Set Environment Variables

To use micro.exe from the command prompt, you need to set the environment variables.

Press Win key + R key, type sysdm.cpl, and press Enter.
Click System Properties in System Properties.
Click Environment Variables.
Select Path under System variables and click Edit.
Click New and add the path of the folder containing micro.exe.
Click OK to close all dialogs.
Restart the command prompt and type nano to check if it can be executed.

How to use micro

When you type micro in the command prompt and execute it, the following screen is displayed.

The main operations and shortcut keys are as follows.

Shortcut Key	Operation
Ctrl+Q	Close file
Ctrl+S	Save file
Ctrl+O	Open file
Ctrl+A	Select all
Ctrl+X	Cut selection
Ctrl+C	Copy selection
Ctrl+V	Paste
Ctrl+Z	Undo
Ctrl+Y	Redo
Ctrl+E	Execute editor command

Reference

micro

How to install CLI text editor nano on Windows

Sun, 31 Mar 2024 18:09:32 +0900

Download nano.exe

https://sourceforge.net/projects/nano-for-windows/

Open the link above, click Download, and download GNU-Nano_Win32(static).zip. Extract the zip file and place nano.exe in an arbitrary folder.

Note: Japanese input is not supported. (As of 2024/03/31)

Set Environment Variables

In order to use nano.exe from the command prompt, you need to set the environment variables.

Press Win key + R key, type sysdm.cpl, and press Enter key.
In System Properties, click on the Advanced tab.
Click on Environment Variables.
Select Path under System variables and click Edit.
Click New and add the path to nano.exe.
Click OK to close all dialogs.
Restart the command prompt, type nano, and check if it can be executed.

How to use nano

When you type nano and execute it, a screen like the following will be displayed.

Shortcut descriptions are displayed at the bottom of the screen.

The meanings of the symbols are as follows:

^ represents the Ctrl key.
M- represents the Alt key.

To save and close, press Ctrl + S and then Ctrl + X.

Reference

GNU nano