We explain the foreign exchange market, starting from the collapse of the gold standard, and how its encounter with the internet turned it into a battleground for algorithmic trading competing in milliseconds.
What kind of data communication happens behind the scenes the moment a card is scanned at a store? We explain the mechanics of 'authorization' and 'clearing' that support the global payment network.
How has cloud computing like Amazon Web Services (AWS) and Google Cloud (GCP) changed corporate and personal IT? This article explains the differences between IaaS, PaaS, SaaS, and the basics of virtualization technology.
A technical guide to Winny’s P2P network: metadata keys, bandwidth-based hierarchy, caching, and relays, with numerical examples and a clear account of data leaks and the developer’s trial.
The 'IP address' is an address assigned to all devices on the internet. We explain the history and mechanism of why IPv4, which was supposed to have a massive 4.3 billion addresses, is running out and transitioning to the next-generation IPv6.
Texas Hold'em is the ultimate mind sport with world championship prize pools exceeding 10 billion yen. We explain position theory, odds calculation, and the mathematical basis of bluffing in what is more than just a gamble.
We can shop online securely thanks to 'HTTPS'. We explain the encryption technologies that prevent eavesdropping and tampering, and the complex mathematical processing that SSL/TLS performs behind the scenes.
Why entering 'www.google.com' connects you to the target server. Explaining the hierarchical structure and name resolution mechanism of 'DNS', the Internet's largest distributed database.
HTTP works behind the scenes of the websites we view every day. This article explains how a simple text transfer protocol evolved into the foundation for today's rich applications.
Even when tens of thousands of people download a multi-gigabyte OS image simultaneously, the server doesn't go down. We explain the innovative file splitting and data exchange algorithms of the P2P masterpiece, 'BitTorrent'.
P2P technology allows individual computers to communicate on equal terms without relying on specific servers. This article deeply explains its basic theory and the ideology leading to modern blockchain.
Why can all computers around the world communicate with each other regardless of differences in manufacturers or OS? We unravel the philosophy and history of the 'TCP/IP' protocol suite, which forms the foundation of the Internet.
IP addresses are the internet's addresses. This article explains how IPv4, which only had 4.3 billion addresses, overcame the crisis of exhaustion and is transitioning to IPv6, which has an infinite space.
Why can we communicate without delay in online games and video calls? We explain the mechanism of the UDP protocol, which abandoned the "guarantee of delivery" to obtain "overwhelming speed".
We explain the element technologies such as millimeter waves, beamforming, and edge computing that realize '5G', the fifth-generation mobile communication system expected to be the infrastructure for autonomous driving and remote medicine, not just smartphones.
Quantum computers are said to solve calculations that would take supercomputers tens of thousands of years in mere seconds. We explain this entirely new computing paradigm that utilizes the mysterious phenomena of quantum mechanics, 'superposition' and 'entanglement'.
To counter the introduction of the iPhone, Google formed the 'Open Handset Alliance'. We explain how the shift in business model to provide the OS for free changed smartphones around the world.
A magical technology that completes a payment just by touching Suica, PASMO, or Osaifu-Keitai to a ticket gate. This article explains the physical law of 'electromagnetic induction' behind it and the NFC communication standard.
Crawling along the seabed, the thin glass threads connecting the world's continents are known as 'optical fibers'. We explain the physics of 'total internal reflection', which is the reason why light travels through bent glass tubes without leaking, and the mechanism of optical communication that supports the internet.
From smartphones to electric vehicles, "lithium-ion batteries" are essential to modern society. We explain the dynamic chemical reactions of electrons and ions occurring inside them and why they are so light and have such high capacity.
