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History of OS: The Birth of Linux and the Open Source Revolution

The history of Linux, which started as a hobby of a single student and came to dominate servers and smartphones (Android) around the world.

1. Linus Torvalds’s Hobby

In 1991, Finnish student Linus Torvalds released a UNIX-like OS kernel for PCs with the message, “just a hobby, won’t be big and professional.”

2. Fusion with the GNU Project

By combining the Linux kernel with various tools from the “GNU Project,” a free software initiative promoted by Richard Stallman, the complete OS “GNU/Linux” was completed.

  graph LR
    Kernel["Linux Kernel (Linus, 1991)"] --> OS["GNU/Linux OS"]
    GNU["GNU Tools (Stallman, 1983)"] --> OS
    OS --> Distro["Ubuntu, Debian, Red Hat..."]

3. Becoming the Infrastructure of the Internet

With the spread of Apache, MySQL, and PHP (LAMP stack), Linux became the de facto standard for Web servers on the Internet as a free and robust server OS.

4. As the Foundation of Android

Currently, the Linux kernel is also adopted as the foundation for the smartphone OS Android, making it the most widely used OS in human history.

Additional Technology Verification Part 1

1. Linus Torvalds’s Hobby

In 1991, Finnish student Linus Torvalds released a UNIX-like OS kernel for PCs with the message, “just a hobby, won’t be big and professional.”

2. Fusion with the GNU Project

By combining the Linux kernel with various tools from the “GNU Project,” a free software initiative promoted by Richard Stallman, the complete OS “GNU/Linux” was completed.

  graph LR
    Kernel["Linux Kernel (Linus, 1991)"] --> OS["GNU/Linux OS"]
    GNU["GNU Tools (Stallman, 1983)"] --> OS
    OS --> Distro["Ubuntu, Debian, Red Hat..."]

3. Becoming the Infrastructure of the Internet

With the spread of Apache, MySQL, and PHP (LAMP stack), Linux became the de facto standard for Web servers on the Internet as a free and robust server OS.

4. As the Foundation of Android

Currently, the Linux kernel is also adopted as the foundation for the smartphone OS Android, making it the most widely used OS in human history.

Additional Technology Verification Part 2

1. Linus Torvalds’s Hobby

In 1991, Finnish student Linus Torvalds released a UNIX-like OS kernel for PCs with the message, “just a hobby, won’t be big and professional.”

2. Fusion with the GNU Project

By combining the Linux kernel with various tools from the “GNU Project,” a free software initiative promoted by Richard Stallman, the complete OS “GNU/Linux” was completed.

  graph LR
    Kernel["Linux Kernel (Linus, 1991)"] --> OS["GNU/Linux OS"]
    GNU["GNU Tools (Stallman, 1983)"] --> OS
    OS --> Distro["Ubuntu, Debian, Red Hat..."]

3. Becoming the Infrastructure of the Internet

With the spread of Apache, MySQL, and PHP (LAMP stack), Linux became the de facto standard for Web servers on the Internet as a free and robust server OS.

4. As the Foundation of Android

Currently, the Linux kernel is also adopted as the foundation for the smartphone OS Android, making it the most widely used OS in human history.

Additional Technology Verification Part 3

1. Linus Torvalds’s Hobby

In 1991, Finnish student Linus Torvalds released a UNIX-like OS kernel for PCs with the message, “just a hobby, won’t be big and professional.”

2. Fusion with the GNU Project

By combining the Linux kernel with various tools from the “GNU Project,” a free software initiative promoted by Richard Stallman, the complete OS “GNU/Linux” was completed.

  graph LR
    Kernel["Linux Kernel (Linus, 1991)"] --> OS["GNU/Linux OS"]
    GNU["GNU Tools (Stallman, 1983)"] --> OS
    OS --> Distro["Ubuntu, Debian, Red Hat..."]

3. Becoming the Infrastructure of the Internet

With the spread of Apache, MySQL, and PHP (LAMP stack), Linux became the de facto standard for Web servers on the Internet as a free and robust server OS.

4. As the Foundation of Android

Currently, the Linux kernel is also adopted as the foundation for the smartphone OS Android, making it the most widely used OS in human history.

Additional Technology Verification Part 4

1. Linus Torvalds’s Hobby

In 1991, Finnish student Linus Torvalds released a UNIX-like OS kernel for PCs with the message, “just a hobby, won’t be big and professional.”

2. Fusion with the GNU Project

By combining the Linux kernel with various tools from the “GNU Project,” a free software initiative promoted by Richard Stallman, the complete OS “GNU/Linux” was completed.

  graph LR
    Kernel["Linux Kernel (Linus, 1991)"] --> OS["GNU/Linux OS"]
    GNU["GNU Tools (Stallman, 1983)"] --> OS
    OS --> Distro["Ubuntu, Debian, Red Hat..."]

3. Becoming the Infrastructure of the Internet

With the spread of Apache, MySQL, and PHP (LAMP stack), Linux became the de facto standard for Web servers on the Internet as a free and robust server OS.

4. As the Foundation of Android

Currently, the Linux kernel is also adopted as the foundation for the smartphone OS Android, making it the most widely used OS in human history.

Additional Technology Verification Part 5

1. Linus Torvalds’s Hobby

In 1991, Finnish student Linus Torvalds released a UNIX-like OS kernel for PCs with the message, “just a hobby, won’t be big and professional.”

2. Fusion with the GNU Project

By combining the Linux kernel with various tools from the “GNU Project,” a free software initiative promoted by Richard Stallman, the complete OS “GNU/Linux” was completed.

  graph LR
    Kernel["Linux Kernel (Linus, 1991)"] --> OS["GNU/Linux OS"]
    GNU["GNU Tools (Stallman, 1983)"] --> OS
    OS --> Distro["Ubuntu, Debian, Red Hat..."]

3. Becoming the Infrastructure of the Internet

With the spread of Apache, MySQL, and PHP (LAMP stack), Linux became the de facto standard for Web servers on the Internet as a free and robust server OS.

4. As the Foundation of Android

Currently, the Linux kernel is also adopted as the foundation for the smartphone OS Android, making it the most widely used OS in human history.

Additional Technology Verification Part 6

1. Linus Torvalds’s Hobby

In 1991, Finnish student Linus Torvalds released a UNIX-like OS kernel for PCs with the message, “just a hobby, won’t be big and professional.”

2. Fusion with the GNU Project

By combining the Linux kernel with various tools from the “GNU Project,” a free software initiative promoted by Richard Stallman, the complete OS “GNU/Linux” was completed.

  graph LR
    Kernel["Linux Kernel (Linus, 1991)"] --> OS["GNU/Linux OS"]
    GNU["GNU Tools (Stallman, 1983)"] --> OS
    OS --> Distro["Ubuntu, Debian, Red Hat..."]

3. Becoming the Infrastructure of the Internet

With the spread of Apache, MySQL, and PHP (LAMP stack), Linux became the de facto standard for Web servers on the Internet as a free and robust server OS.

4. As the Foundation of Android

Currently, the Linux kernel is also adopted as the foundation for the smartphone OS Android, making it the most widely used OS in human history.

Additional Technology Verification Part 7

1. Linus Torvalds’s Hobby

In 1991, Finnish student Linus Torvalds released a UNIX-like OS kernel for PCs with the message, “just a hobby, won’t be big and professional.”

2. Fusion with the GNU Project

By combining the Linux kernel with various tools from the “GNU Project,” a free software initiative promoted by Richard Stallman, the complete OS “GNU/Linux” was completed.

  graph LR
    Kernel["Linux Kernel (Linus, 1991)"] --> OS["GNU/Linux OS"]
    GNU["GNU Tools (Stallman, 1983)"] --> OS
    OS --> Distro["Ubuntu, Debian, Red Hat..."]

3. Becoming the Infrastructure of the Internet

With the spread of Apache, MySQL, and PHP (LAMP stack), Linux became the de facto standard for Web servers on the Internet as a free and robust server OS.

4. As the Foundation of Android

Currently, the Linux kernel is also adopted as the foundation for the smartphone OS Android, making it the most widely used OS in human history.

Additional Technology Verification Part 8

1. Linus Torvalds’s Hobby

In 1991, Finnish student Linus Torvalds released a UNIX-like OS kernel for PCs with the message, “just a hobby, won’t be big and professional.”

2. Fusion with the GNU Project

By combining the Linux kernel with various tools from the “GNU Project,” a free software initiative promoted by Richard Stallman, the complete OS “GNU/Linux” was completed.

  graph LR
    Kernel["Linux Kernel (Linus, 1991)"] --> OS["GNU/Linux OS"]
    GNU["GNU Tools (Stallman, 1983)"] --> OS
    OS --> Distro["Ubuntu, Debian, Red Hat..."]

3. Becoming the Infrastructure of the Internet

With the spread of Apache, MySQL, and PHP (LAMP stack), Linux became the de facto standard for Web servers on the Internet as a free and robust server OS.

4. As the Foundation of Android

Currently, the Linux kernel is also adopted as the foundation for the smartphone OS Android, making it the most widely used OS in human history.

Additional Technology Verification Part 9

1. Linus Torvalds’s Hobby

In 1991, Finnish student Linus Torvalds released a UNIX-like OS kernel for PCs with the message, “just a hobby, won’t be big and professional.”

2. Fusion with the GNU Project

By combining the Linux kernel with various tools from the “GNU Project,” a free software initiative promoted by Richard Stallman, the complete OS “GNU/Linux” was completed.

  graph LR
    Kernel["Linux Kernel (Linus, 1991)"] --> OS["GNU/Linux OS"]
    GNU["GNU Tools (Stallman, 1983)"] --> OS
    OS --> Distro["Ubuntu, Debian, Red Hat..."]

3. Becoming the Infrastructure of the Internet

With the spread of Apache, MySQL, and PHP (LAMP stack), Linux became the de facto standard for Web servers on the Internet as a free and robust server OS.

4. As the Foundation of Android

Currently, the Linux kernel is also adopted as the foundation for the smartphone OS Android, making it the most widely used OS in human history.

Additional Technology Verification Part 10

1. Linus Torvalds’s Hobby

In 1991, Finnish student Linus Torvalds released a UNIX-like OS kernel for PCs with the message, “just a hobby, won’t be big and professional.”

2. Fusion with the GNU Project

By combining the Linux kernel with various tools from the “GNU Project,” a free software initiative promoted by Richard Stallman, the complete OS “GNU/Linux” was completed.

  graph LR
    Kernel["Linux Kernel (Linus, 1991)"] --> OS["GNU/Linux OS"]
    GNU["GNU Tools (Stallman, 1983)"] --> OS
    OS --> Distro["Ubuntu, Debian, Red Hat..."]

3. Becoming the Infrastructure of the Internet

With the spread of Apache, MySQL, and PHP (LAMP stack), Linux became the de facto standard for Web servers on the Internet as a free and robust server OS.

4. As the Foundation of Android

Currently, the Linux kernel is also adopted as the foundation for the smartphone OS Android, making it the most widely used OS in human history.

Additional Technology Verification Part 11

1. Linus Torvalds’s Hobby

In 1991, Finnish student Linus Torvalds released a UNIX-like OS kernel for PCs with the message, “just a hobby, won’t be big and professional.”

2. Fusion with the GNU Project

By combining the Linux kernel with various tools from the “GNU Project,” a free software initiative promoted by Richard Stallman, the complete OS “GNU/Linux” was completed.

  graph LR
    Kernel["Linux Kernel (Linus, 1991)"] --> OS["GNU/Linux OS"]
    GNU["GNU Tools (Stallman, 1983)"] --> OS
    OS --> Distro["Ubuntu, Debian, Red Hat..."]

3. Becoming the Infrastructure of the Internet

With the spread of Apache, MySQL, and PHP (LAMP stack), Linux became the de facto standard for Web servers on the Internet as a free and robust server OS.

4. As the Foundation of Android

Currently, the Linux kernel is also adopted as the foundation for the smartphone OS Android, making it the most widely used OS in human history.

Additional Technology Verification Part 12

1. Linus Torvalds’s Hobby

In 1991, Finnish student Linus Torvalds released a UNIX-like OS kernel for PCs with the message, “just a hobby, won’t be big and professional.”

2. Fusion with the GNU Project

By combining the Linux kernel with various tools from the “GNU Project,” a free software initiative promoted by Richard Stallman, the complete OS “GNU/Linux” was completed.

  graph LR
    Kernel["Linux Kernel (Linus, 1991)"] --> OS["GNU/Linux OS"]
    GNU["GNU Tools (Stallman, 1983)"] --> OS
    OS --> Distro["Ubuntu, Debian, Red Hat..."]

3. Becoming the Infrastructure of the Internet

With the spread of Apache, MySQL, and PHP (LAMP stack), Linux became the de facto standard for Web servers on the Internet as a free and robust server OS.

4. As the Foundation of Android

Currently, the Linux kernel is also adopted as the foundation for the smartphone OS Android, making it the most widely used OS in human history.

Additional Technology Verification Part 13

1. Linus Torvalds’s Hobby

In 1991, Finnish student Linus Torvalds released a UNIX-like OS kernel for PCs with the message, “just a hobby, won’t be big and professional.”

2. Fusion with the GNU Project

By combining the Linux kernel with various tools from the “GNU Project,” a free software initiative promoted by Richard Stallman, the complete OS “GNU/Linux” was completed.

  graph LR
    Kernel["Linux Kernel (Linus, 1991)"] --> OS["GNU/Linux OS"]
    GNU["GNU Tools (Stallman, 1983)"] --> OS
    OS --> Distro["Ubuntu, Debian, Red Hat..."]

3. Becoming the Infrastructure of the Internet

With the spread of Apache, MySQL, and PHP (LAMP stack), Linux became the de facto standard for Web servers on the Internet as a free and robust server OS.

4. As the Foundation of Android

Currently, the Linux kernel is also adopted as the foundation for the smartphone OS Android, making it the most widely used OS in human history.

Additional Technology Verification Part 14

1. Linus Torvalds’s Hobby

In 1991, Finnish student Linus Torvalds released a UNIX-like OS kernel for PCs with the message, “just a hobby, won’t be big and professional.”

2. Fusion with the GNU Project

By combining the Linux kernel with various tools from the “GNU Project,” a free software initiative promoted by Richard Stallman, the complete OS “GNU/Linux” was completed.

  graph LR
    Kernel["Linux Kernel (Linus, 1991)"] --> OS["GNU/Linux OS"]
    GNU["GNU Tools (Stallman, 1983)"] --> OS
    OS --> Distro["Ubuntu, Debian, Red Hat..."]

3. Becoming the Infrastructure of the Internet

With the spread of Apache, MySQL, and PHP (LAMP stack), Linux became the de facto standard for Web servers on the Internet as a free and robust server OS.

4. As the Foundation of Android

Currently, the Linux kernel is also adopted as the foundation for the smartphone OS Android, making it the most widely used OS in human history.

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